Out with the old, in with the new?
Not quite, according to experts in the mechanical industry.
Trends in mechanical engineering and contracting are warming to both new and existing solutions to optimize efficiency as they maximize the mechanical budget. Three mechanical professionals in design and construction detailed the trends they see helping current clients integrate these mechanical solutions with the future in mind.
Electrification Buzzing; Heat Recovery Heats Up
According to Jared Smith, PE and Mechanical Engineer at VBFA, a constant in the mechanical field is that many owners have continued with gas-powered systems instead of fully embracing electrification. “The high first costs of full electrification of the mechanical systems through heat pumps,” Smith said, “is a bridge too far for owners currently.”
“We’re not anywhere near full electrification of every project,” he said, “but clients are toying with the idea, and more clients are getting serious about it.”
Operational costs are favorable due to the heat recovery nature of the system, but Utah’s location in a heating-dominant zone (colder winters) means that more air-source heat pumps would be required to meet the building’s heating needs than necessary during the summer months.
Widespread electrification may be a years away, but it is is trending up, making the relationship between mechanical and electrical teams more important than ever and setting the stage for future project team victories in coordination and collaboration. It will become the standard for younger engineers as the industry heads toward full electrification of building systems, Smith said.
It’s just one of the upcoming trends he is most excited about in the world of mechanical systems. Another is the efficiency gained through heat recovery chillers.
Like a heat pump, heat recovery chillers pull heat out from a cooling source. During the cooling operation, the chiller produces cold water while dissipating heat through the condenser. But with a need for both chilled water and hot water, the released heat can go toward heating application. Smith said that operations are seeing overall energy usage intensity decrease across the square footage of the building.
Wasatch Canyons Behavioral Health and Intermountain Health’s Saratoga Springs Cancer Care Clinic are two examples where Smith and the VBFA team have seen energy usage intensity decrease with the future implementation of a heat recovery chiller.
“It shines in the healthcare environment,” Smith said, “with the year-round cooling load, you can dump it back into the heating system.”
Electrification Still Needs Work; “Thermal Battery” Shows Promise
For Steve Connor, PE and President of Colvin Engineering Associates, the University of Utah is fast becoming a leader in the electrification of new buildings.
“By heating buildings with electricity, what was once heresy,” he laughed, “has become gospel.”
Connor cautioned that electrification has drawbacks that need to be considered, namely that building electrification could create a second peak use period in the winter, one which could be even higher than current summer peaks. It will be incumbent on the A/E/C industry to continue to make gains on what Connor called “the best investment in energy” via high-value insulation, building envelopes, and windows to minimize the need for heating.
The next step is to recover and store energy generated. At the new James LeVoy Sorenson Center for Medical Innovation at the University of Utah, Colvin Engineering Associates, along with trade partners Archer Mechanical, are utilizing a 42,000-gallon water tank that will function like a thermal battery for the building when it opens in spring 2026.
Heat pumps will use the tank as a heat reservoir, adding or withdrawing heat as they cool or heat the building. If the heating demand is especially high and the tank gets cold, they will “charge” the tank overnight with an electric boiler, and if the tank gets too hot in the summer, they will reject the excess heat through a cooling tower. Most of the year, they add or remove heat from the building and store the waste heat in the tank, making it function like a thermal battery. Since buildings are always in need of cooling due to the energy use, people, and equipment in use across the building, heat can be taken away and stored in the tank before being pulled out of tank to heat the building back up in the morning.
Efficiency, Panelized Fabrication Trend Upward
For Nick Rickards, Vice President of Archer Mechanical, the progress toward higher levels of efficiency is the most promising and accepted trend in the mechanical field.
“Systems are being designed to capture and repurpose what was once wasted energy,” he said. Whether it be heat recovery ventilators, thermal storage designs, or grey water heat recovery, “designers are cognizant of the waste within a mechanical and plumbing system, and it seems change is here to stay.”
Rickards and the Archer Mechanical team have seen these trends play out at the Spencer F. Eccles School of Medicine, where the building's heating is provided by six modular water-to-water heat pumps connected to the campus chilled water return.
Instead of prioritizing only ventilation and indoor air quality from previous ASHRAE guidelines (ASHRAE 62), mechanical teams are upping their game and utilizing equipment that maximizes energy efficiency within the HVAC system (ASHRAE 36).
Rickards expressed caution about predicting what would happen after refrigerant mandates go into effect with the new year to minimize global warming potential (GWP) from the refrigerants. While GWP decreases, flammability will increase with the new refrigerants, and teams will look to minimize issues with refrigeration detection systems and alarms to keep the building regulated.
As systems grow more efficient and find new ways to capture and reuse waste, Rickards has found that proactively communicating with the engineer continues as a best practice.
“It’s where we’ve thrived at Archer, being involved in the critical decisions and designing a project to a number,” Rickards said. Like Smith at VBFA, Rickards said their work with the electrical team is mutually beneficial, aligning the project from the start to right-size power and equipment needs for the mechanical scope. But it will take additional buy-in to make that the norm on every project.
“It’s an uphill battle, there are plenty of people who don’t want to fix what they think isn’t broken and they want what’s easy,” said Rickards. “This is a culture change, and one thing we have to be consistent at pushing because the teams that are embracing it are thriving.”
This part of the trend—onboarding everyone with the right mindset through design and into the construction portion of the project—will be a key differentiator for trade partners winning bids. Working together will always win out, but one trend he hopes to see change is in the world of prefabrication.
“We all do prefabrication now,” said Rickards. “We don’t do prefabrication together, and I think that’s going to change.”
He sees panelized walls with pipe and conduit going in, multi-trade racking, and other trade collaborative solutions will be how the industry maximizes safety, schedule, and profitability.
“It’s going to be a challenge for the industry over the next five to ten years,” Rickards continued. It will be incumbent on the different players within the industry to work out how this type of modular work shifts risk so that value matches up with compensation.
What’s Next?
While there is no easy button for mechanical teams to magically transform a building into a gold standard of efficiency without some financial muscle, maximizing efficiency is achievable on any budget. As trends come and go, mechanical systems professionals and their project teams must find alignment on the project to bring forth the best product forward.